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Architecture

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2026

  1. AI Moved Into the Database. I've Spent 25 Years Getting Logic Out of It.

    TL;DR: SQL Server 2025 (and Amazon RDSโ€™s managed version of it) can now store vectors natively and call Amazon Bedrock straight from T-SQL. Half of that is genuinely good: vectors are data, and data โ€ฆ

    AWSDatabaseGenAIArchitecture

  2. Laws & Disorder #4 โ€” Gall's Law: Great Systems Are Built From Small Bricks, Not Big Plans

    TL;DR: Gallโ€™s Law says a complex system that works is invariably found to have evolved from a simple system that worked, and that a complex system designed from scratch never works. There are two โ€ฆ

    LawsAndDisorderArchitectureAWSArchitectureMigrationAIAgents

  3. Laws & Disorder #3 โ€” Tesler's Law: You Can't Delete Complexity, Only Choose Who Owns It

    TL;DR: Teslerโ€™s Law, the conservation of complexity, says a system has an inherent amount of complexity that can be reallocated between owners but not simply deleted, and the boundary condition is โ€ฆ

    LawsAndDisorderArchitectureComplexityBuildVsBuyAWSArchitecture

  4. Laws & Disorder #2 โ€” Hyrum's Law: In the Age of Agents, Who Pays for a Broken API?

    TL;DR: Hyrumโ€™s Law says that with enough users, every observable behavior of your API becomes something someone depends on, whether you documented it or not. The implementation quietly becomes the โ€ฆ

    LawsAndDisorderAPIDesignArchitectureAWSArchitectureAIAgents

  5. Weekly Review โ€” July 13-19, 2026

    TL;DR: Three posts, one quiet theme: the structure you donโ€™t design still gets drawn. โ€œLaws & Disorderโ€ opens with Conwayโ€™s Law โ€” your architecture mirrors your org chart, so shape the teams first, โ€ฆ

    WeeklyReviewAIAWSArchitectureMultiAgent

  6. Laws & Disorder #1 โ€” Conway's Law: Your Org Chart Is Your Real Architecture (and AI Is Redrawing Both)

    ๐ŸŽฌ Also available as a blog walkthrough video, a short narrated screencast of this post. TL;DR: Conwayโ€™s Law says a systemโ€™s structure ends up mirroring the communication structure of the organization โ€ฆ

    LawsAndDisorderArchitectureTeamsAWSArchitectureAIAgents

  7. Vector Search, From the Whiteboard to the Cloud

    ๐ŸŽฌ Also available as a blog walkthrough video: a narrated screencast of this post. TL;DR: Vector search is easy to picture on a whiteboard: turn text into a list of numbers, then find the stored items โ€ฆ

    AIRAGVectorSearchAmazonBedrockArchitecture

  8. Agent Memory Is a Spectrum, Not a Switch

    ๐ŸŽฌ Also available as a blog walkthrough video: a narrated screencast of this post. TL;DR: โ€œMy agent keeps forgetting thingsโ€ is usually not a model problem. Itโ€™s a memory-architecture problem. Agent โ€ฆ

    AIAgentMemoryArchitectureAgenticAIAmazonBedrock

  9. CLI vs MCP, Part Two: The First Gap Just Closed

    TL;DR: In March I argued the CLI vs MCP debate was the wrong debate, and that the CLIโ€™s advantages were a temporary artifact of training data, not a law of physics. One of those advantages was โ€ฆ

    AgenticAIMCPDeveloperToolsKiroArchitecture

  10. Context Engineering: The Skill That Replaced Prompt Engineering

    TL;DR: Patrick Debois coined DevOps in 2009 by naming what practitioners were already doing. In 2026, heโ€™s doing it again with โ€œContext Engineeringโ€ and the CDLC (Context Development Lifecycle): โ€ฆ

    ContextEngineeringAIAgentsDevOpsCDLCArchitectureSoftwareEngineering

  11. Cognitive Debt: The Hidden Cost of AI-Generated Code

    The Code Nobody Understands Hereโ€™s a pattern Iโ€™ve seen across multiple teams: a data pipeline ships, built almost entirely by an AI coding agent. Clean architecture. Full test coverage. Passes every โ€ฆ

    AISoftwareEngineeringTechnicalDebtArchitectureAgenticCoding

  12. 8 AWS Guides for Agentic AI โ€” Mapped to the 4 Pillars That Get You to Production

    The Gap Between Demo and Deployment TL;DR: AWS released 8 prescriptive guides for building production-ready agentic AI. This post maps each guide to the four pillars that get agents from demo to โ€ฆ

    AIAIAgentsAWSAmazonBedrockArchitectureAgentCore

  13. Intelligence Is About Time, Not Parameters

    The Question Every SA Gets Beyond a complexity threshold, larger models become less insightful, the savant regime. โ€œWhich model should I use?โ€ I hear it in almost every customer conversation about โ€ฆ

    AIInferenceModelsArchitectureAWSAmazonBedrock

  14. What Reasoning Actually Means (and Why It Matters for Your Architecture)

    It Started with a Saturday Morning Experiment I recently ran a simple test. I asked a small language model the same questions three times, with zero, one, and three rounds of self-reflection, and โ€ฆ

    AIArchitectureAILiteracyReasoningLLMLimitations

  15. Is the AI Subsidy Era Ending? And Why That Might Be a Good Thing

    I was listening to a recent episode of The AI Daily Brief, โ€œThe AI Subsidy Era Is Overโ€, and my thoughts started spinning. Not because the argument was new, but because it connected dots Iโ€™d been โ€ฆ

    AIPricingArchitectureAgenticAICostOptimizationFrugality

  16. The Agent Security Stack Nobody Is Building

    The Scenario Nobody Planned For Itโ€™s 11 PM. Your customer support agent, the AI one, is processing a refund request. It queries the order database, pulls the customerโ€™s payment history, and calls the โ€ฆ

    AIAgentsZeroTrustAgenticAICybersecurityIAMArchitectureMCPAmazonBedrock

  17. Software Fundamentals Matter More Than Ever

    The Talk That Confirmed What Iโ€™ve Been Seeing Matt Pocock stood on stage at the AI Engineer Summit and said something that most of the audience needed to hear: the developers who succeed with AI โ€ฆ

    AIAgenticCodingSoftwareEngineeringCodeQualityArchitecture

  18. MCP Sampling & Elicitation: When Servers Talk Back

    From Request-Response to Collaboration When I wrote about the CLI vs MCP debate [1], I focused on the infrastructure patterns underneath. But MCP itself has been evolving, and the latest additions โ€ฆ

    AIMCPAgenticAIAgentCoreArchitecture

  19. Nvidia's Real Moat: What Jensen Huang Told Dwarkesh Patel

    Electrons In, Tokens Out Long weekend drive, sunny weather, and nearly two hours of Jensen Huang arguing with Dwarkesh Patel about whether Nvidiaโ€™s moat will hold. As far as podcast entertainment โ€ฆ

    AINvidiaArchitecturePlatformInfrastructure

  20. Self-Improving Models: What MiniMax M2.7 Actually Does

    The Headline vs The Reality โ€œModel trains itself over 100+ autonomous cycles.โ€ That was the headline when MiniMax released M2.7 on March 18, 2026 [1]. It sounds like science fiction: a model โ€ฆ

    AIModelTrainingSelfImprovementAgenticAIArchitecture

  21. The Citation Crisis: What AI Hallucinations Mean for Your Enterprise

    The Reference I Almost Didnโ€™t Check A few days ago, I was reviewing an article my AI agent had drafted. The sources section looked clean: numbered references, proper formatting, plausible titles. One โ€ฆ

    AIHallucinationVerificationEnterpriseAIArchitectureTrust

  22. From Cloud-Native to AI-Native: What Actually Changes

    The Fifteen-Year Echo Fifteen years apart. Same stage. Different world. In 2010, Adrian Cockcroft stood on the QCon stage and told the audience that Netflix was running its entire business on a public โ€ฆ

    AgenticAIArchitectureAINativeCodingAgentsMCPDeveloperExperience

  23. The Protocol We Should Have Built for Humans

    Namaste from 6,165 Meters I just summited Imja Tse (Island Peak, 6,165 meters) in Nepal. No Slack, no email, no MCP servers crashing in the background. Just ice, thin air, and the kind of clarity that โ€ฆ

    MCPAgenticAIDeveloperExperienceArchitectureProtocolsAIEngineering

  24. Is RAG Still Needed with 1M+ Token Context Windows?

    The Kofferklausur, Revisited In September 2024, a colleague asked an audience: โ€œWhat is RAG?โ€ I answered: Kofferklausur [1]. For non-German speakers: a Kofferklausur is an open-book exam. You bring โ€ฆ

    AIRAGLongContextAmazonBedrockArchitectureAgentMemory

  25. LLMs Don't Do Math โ€” They Predict What Math Looks Like

    The Invisible Error To test this, I designed five calculations that anyone in business might ask an AI assistant, the kind of questions youโ€™d type into ChatGPT or Claude expecting a quick, reliable โ€ฆ

    AIArchitectureAILiteracyGuardrailsLLMLimitations

  26. Your AI Models Have an Expiry Date โ€” A Practical Guide to Model Lifecycle Management

    Introduction, The Promise I Made In my previous article [1], I explored the maintenance trap in IT, how software systems are more like plants than stones, requiring constant care. I ended with a โ€ฆ

    AIModelLifecycleEvaluationAmazonBedrockSageMakerArchitecture

  27. Most comprehensive overview on RAG I have seen. We came a long way from vanilla RAG. Still remember

    Most comprehensive overview on RAG I have seen. We came a long way from vanilla RAG. Still remember the time of arguments that RAG is just a โ€œhot fixโ€ to be obsolete soon. Reality is it is not a fix โ€ฆ

    AIArchitecture

  28. IT System Maintenance in the age of AI

    IT System Maintenance in the age of AI Introduction - The Maintenance Trap in IT You donโ€™t need to be in the IT industry for long to have witnessed this firsthand. Even non-IT users do. Those systems โ€ฆ

    AISoftwareEngineeringCloudArchitecture

  29. ๐Ÿ”ง ๐—ง๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐— ๐—ฎ๐—ถ๐—ป๐˜๐—ฒ๐—ป๐—ฎ๐—ป๐—ฐ๐—ฒ ๐—ง๐—ฟ๐—ฎ๐—ฝ: ๐—ช๐—ต๐˜† ๐—ฌ๐—ผ๐˜‚๐—ฟ ๐—œ๐—ง ๐—ฆ๐˜†๐˜€๐˜๐—ฒ๐—บ๐˜€ ๐—”๐—ฟ๐—ฒ ๐— ๐—ผ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ ๐—Ÿ๐—ถ๐—ธ๐—ฒ ๐—ฃ๐—น๐—ฎ๐—ป๐˜๐˜€ ๐—ง๐—ต๐—ฎ๐—ป ๐—ฆ๐˜๐—ผ๐—ป๐—ฒ๐˜€

    ๐Ÿ”ง ๐—ง๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐— ๐—ฎ๐—ถ๐—ป๐˜๐—ฒ๐—ป๐—ฎ๐—ป๐—ฐ๐—ฒ ๐—ง๐—ฟ๐—ฎ๐—ฝ: ๐—ช๐—ต๐˜† ๐—ฌ๐—ผ๐˜‚๐—ฟ ๐—œ๐—ง ๐—ฆ๐˜†๐˜€๐˜๐—ฒ๐—บ๐˜€ ๐—”๐—ฟ๐—ฒ ๐— ๐—ผ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ ๐—Ÿ๐—ถ๐—ธ๐—ฒ ๐—ฃ๐—น๐—ฎ๐—ป๐˜๐˜€ ๐—ง๐—ต๐—ฎ๐—ป ๐—ฆ๐˜๐—ผ๐—ป๐—ฒ๐˜€ After years of watching organizations struggle with outdated systems, Iโ€™ve written about a pattern we all know too well, โ€ฆ

    AISoftwareEngineeringCloudArchitecture

  30. ๐ŸŽฏ 'How do we pick the RIGHT AI agent use case?

    ๐ŸŽฏ โ€œHow do we pick the RIGHT AI agent use case? This is the question I hear most from customers exploring agentic AI. Hereโ€™s the mechanism I run through together with the customer: The 4-Quadrant โ€ฆ

    AIAIAgentsArchitecture

2025

  1. ๐—ฃ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐—ณ๐—ฒ๐—ฐ๐˜ ๐˜๐—ถ๐—บ๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ด ๐—ณ๐—ผ๐—ฟ ๐Ÿฎ๐Ÿฌ๐Ÿฎ๐Ÿฒ ๐—ฐ๐—ฎ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ ๐—ฝ๐—น๐—ฎ๐—ป๐—ป๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ด! ๐ŸŽฏ

    ๐—ฃ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐—ณ๐—ฒ๐—ฐ๐˜ ๐˜๐—ถ๐—บ๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ด ๐—ณ๐—ผ๐—ฟ ๐Ÿฎ๐Ÿฌ๐Ÿฎ๐Ÿฒ ๐—ฐ๐—ฎ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ ๐—ฝ๐—น๐—ฎ๐—ป๐—ป๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ด! ๐ŸŽฏ I just dived deep into the book โ€œSolutions Architect Interview: Winning strategies and effective tactics for interview successโ€ by Saurabh Shrivastava, โ€ฆ

    CareerArchitecture

  2. ๐Ÿค” ๐—ช๐—ต๐—ฎ๐˜ ๐—ถ๐˜€ ๐˜†๐—ผ๐˜‚๐—ฟ ๐—”๐—œ ๐—ฆ๐˜๐—ฟ๐—ฎ๐˜๐—ฒ๐—ด๐˜†? Chasing single point solutions or exploring system-level AI solutions? Yesterday I had the pleasure of listening to a great presentation by Chris Nosko. Among other โ€ฆ

    AIArchitecture

  3. ๐ŸŽฏ ๐——๐—ฒ๐—ฒ๐—ฝ ๐—ฑ๐—ถ๐˜ƒ๐—ฒ ๐—ถ๐—ป๐˜๐—ผ ๐—–๐—ฒ๐—น๐—น-๐—•๐—ฎ๐˜€๐—ฒ๐—ฑ ๐—”๐—ฟ๐—ฐ๐—ต๐—ถ๐˜๐—ฒ๐—ฐ๐˜๐˜‚๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐˜€

    ๐ŸŽฏ ๐——๐—ฒ๐—ฒ๐—ฝ ๐—ฑ๐—ถ๐˜ƒ๐—ฒ ๐—ถ๐—ป๐˜๐—ผ ๐—–๐—ฒ๐—น๐—น-๐—•๐—ฎ๐˜€๐—ฒ๐—ฑ ๐—”๐—ฟ๐—ฐ๐—ต๐—ถ๐˜๐—ฒ๐—ฐ๐˜๐˜‚๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐˜€ Last week I attended an outstanding presentation by my colleague Robert Himmelmann on โ€œCell-based Architecturesโ€ โ€“ one of the most insightful deep-dives Iโ€™ve โ€ฆ

    Architecture

  4. ๐—š๐—ฒ๐—ป๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐—ฎ๐˜๐—ถ๐˜ƒ๐—ฒ ๐—”๐—œ โ€“ ๐—ง๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐—ฃ๐—ฒ๐—ป๐—ฑ๐˜‚๐—น๐˜‚๐—บ ๐—ž๐—ฒ๐—ฒ๐—ฝ๐˜€ ๐—ฆ๐˜„๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ด๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ด?!

    ๐—š๐—ฒ๐—ป๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐—ฎ๐˜๐—ถ๐˜ƒ๐—ฒ ๐—”๐—œ โ€“ ๐—ง๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐—ฃ๐—ฒ๐—ป๐—ฑ๐˜‚๐—น๐˜‚๐—บ ๐—ž๐—ฒ๐—ฒ๐—ฝ๐˜€ ๐—ฆ๐˜„๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ด๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ด?! Many enterprises follow a familiar rhythm. A major consulting firm arrives, declares centralization the new path to efficiency; a few years later, another โ€ฆ

    AIArchitecture

  5. If you don't have the data available, implementing an AI use case becomes a data

    If you donโ€™t have the data available, implementing an AI use case becomes โ€” in the projects Iโ€™ve seen โ€” a data gathering death march, often crossing organizational boundaries. Instead of spending 80% โ€ฆ

    AIArchitecture

  6. I just signed up for the Software Architecture Superstream: Architecture Patterns and Antipatterns f

    I just signed up for the โ€œSoftware Architecture Superstream: Architecture Patterns and Antipatterns for AIโ€[1] which is taking place at 12th August CEST late afternoon. The lineup of speakers and โ€ฆ

    AIArchitecture

  7. Diving into designing multi-agent systems and got lost with all the different implementation options

    Diving into designing multi-agent systems and got lost with all the different implementation options? MCP (x)or A2A?! - Heikoโ€™s and Dr. Sokratis Kartakis (any way to mention you in here just by your โ€ฆ

    AIAgentsMCPArchitecture

  8. โ€œUPTIME? We donโ€™t care - weโ€™re a subscription business.โ€ This sounds wrong in so many aspects. Still it has some truth to it. Let me start with a disclaimer: Itโ€™s neither originated from a current or โ€ฆ

    ArchitectureCloud

  9. LLMs for the rescue?! Or are we actually building Compound AI Systems?

    LLMs for the rescue?! Or are we actually building Compound AI Systems? LLMs rule the world, right?! - Only thing what matters is using the most powerful LLM available and everything falls in place. โ€ฆ

    AIArchitecture

2024

  1. ๐Ÿ“– Building your own RAG system is like deciding to build your own email server in 2024. Sure, you c

    ๐Ÿ“– โ€œBuilding your own RAG system is like deciding to build your own email server in 2024. Sure, you could do it. But why would you want to?โ€ - Alden Do Rosario in his article โ€œDear IT Departments, โ€ฆ

    AIAWSArchitecture

  2. What happens in Las Vegas ... Nah - let's have a look. All things (Gen) AI.

    What happens in Las Vegas โ€ฆ Nah - letโ€™s have a look. All things (Gen) AI. ![](assets/reinvent-las-vegas-vltke-cover.jpg) What happens in Las Vegas โ€ฆ Nah - letโ€™s have a look. All things (Gen) AI. โ€ฆ

    AIAWSArchitectureSecurity

  3. RAG - just a poor engineering workaround?

    RAG - just a poor engineering workaround? My week kicked off nicely with some inspiring talks on an internal conference. In one of the talks Johannes Langer dived deep on how to build production-ready โ€ฆ

    AIArchitectureSoftwareEngineering

  4. โ“ Successful Building a GenAI use cases just requires the latest and greatest frontier model, right?!

    โ“ Successful Building a GenAI use cases just requires the latest and greatest frontier model, right?! ๐Ÿ” In my conversations with customers I often realize that the choice of the best & shiniest model โ€ฆ

    AIArchitectureAWS

  5. ๐Ÿ‘ Bagrat Ter-Akopyan, Carmen Heger and team. Congrats and thanks for the nice technical write-up.

    ๐Ÿ‘ Bagrat Ter-Akopyan, Carmen Heger and team. Congrats and thanks for the nice technical write-up. Itโ€™s amazing to see how you continue to innovate on behalf of your customers. I love the outcome. ๐Ÿ“– โ€ฆ

    AIAWSArchitecture

  6. How do you choose the foundation model for your Generative AI App โ€” like your car?

    How do you choose the foundation model for your Generative AI App โ€” like your car? Just published a new blog post on medium: ๐Ÿ˜Ž How do you choose the right foundation model for your Generative AI app? โ€ฆ

    AIArchitectureAWS

  7. Travelling into a long weekend and looking back to this weekโ€™s family reunion event aka #AWSSummit Berlin.

    Travelling into a long weekend and looking back to this weekโ€™s family reunion event aka #AWSSummit Berlin. To be honest, Iโ€™m a little exhausted but energised at the same time after meeting so many โ€ฆ

    AIAWSEventsArchitectureCommunity

2023

  1. Just in time for Santa, great book about about the role of an Solution Architect(SA) in the future.

    Just in time for Santa, great book about about the role of an Solution Architect(SA) in the future. The bookโ€™s premise: GenAI is evolving many roles - SA role is not an exception. Very interesting โ€ฆ

    ArchitectureAICareer

2022

  1. Contextual targeting is gaining relevance in a post-3rd party cookie area as a means for publishers

    With 3rd-party cookies being phased out, contextual targeting is drawing renewed interest as a means for publishers to monetise content and for advertisers to reach users in contextually relevant โ€ฆ

    AIAdvertisingArchitecture

2021

  1. [German] Is your workload well-architected? Curious to understand the benefits of an architecture review

    [German] Is your workload well-architected? Curious to understand the benefits of an architecture review based on best practices and to figure out how to successfully execute reviews? Tufan ร–zduman โ€ฆ

    ArchitectureAWSCloud

  2. Curious how the Twelve-Factor App methodology can be mapped to #InfrastructureAsCode on #AWS? My colleague Wladi โ˜๏ธ Mitzel and I

    Curious how the Twelve-Factor App methodology can be mapped to #InfrastructureAsCode on #AWS? My colleague Wladi โ˜๏ธ Mitzel and I are. Give it a read - heads-up: potential extra challenge: article is โ€ฆ

    ArchitectureAWSCloud

2020

  1. Great work, Benedikt Stemmildt and team. Pleasure to work with you guys: Die Migration der gesamten

    Great work, Benedikt Stemmildt and team. Pleasure to work with you guys. Aus der AWS-Fallstudie: โ€œDie Migration der gesamten Onlineplattform in die AWS Cloud ermรถglichte dem Unternehmen, sein Geschรคft โ€ฆ

    CloudAWSArchitecture

2019

  1. Very good read. While I don't like the term lock-in cost, it's really a cost of change, this is a ve

    Very good read. While I donโ€™t like the term lock-in cost โ€” much of it is the cost of change any migration carries, with vendor-specific dependencies adding their own switching cost on top โ€” this is a โ€ฆ

    CloudArchitecture